Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī refers to self-knowledge as “soul-knowledge.” The question of the nature of the “soul” and the levels and methods of its intuition is among the significant issues that Rumi seeks to address. He considers the Almighty as the “soul of souls” and the deepest layer of human existence, attributing the following characteristics to the human soul: the soul is the mirror of the universe, so that all realms of existence, including matter, the imaginal world, intellect, and divinity, have a counterpart within the human being. Rumi believes that the enrichment of the human soul depends on self-awareness and the soul’s knowledge of hidden truths. He holds that the heart and soul of a person can progress from the mineral level to the supra-rational level and annihilation in Allah (fanāʾ fi Allah), reaching a stage where the reality of realities manifests within them. From Rumi’s perspective, one should not mistake his “self” for his “body” and reside in a foreign abode, as the human heart possesses a vastness that can attain the status of the “universal being.” The levels of human existence from Rumi’s viewpoint include: 1. body; 2. spirit; 3. intellect; 4. the spirit of Revelation; 5. annihilated spirit in Allah. The most significant obstacles to soul-knowledge, according to Rumi, are egotism, excessive attention to the animalistic aspect and the body, sins, and desires. On the other hand, polishing the heart is the most crucial method for attaining self-knowledge. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, will examine the nature of the human soul (self) and its inner levels, as well as the obstacles and factors of intuitive self-awareness from Rumi’s perspective.